Appendix 9 to the book Evidences for God and His Creations

Aappendix 9 (written Feb. 2019) to the Tofflemire book: Evidences for God and His Creations cited below.
Gen. 1:1 from the Holman bible. “In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth”. ASV cites Is. 42:5 at the word
Created; 42:5. “Thus saith the God Jehovah, he that created the heavens, and stretched them forth. He that spread
abroad the earth”. Also cited is Is. 45:18 “Thus saith the Jehovah that created the heavens, The God that formed the earth
and made it, that established it and created it not a waste, that formed it to be inhabited.” Note both these verses and
have the heavens before the earth as does Gen 1:1. Here is the end of verse 2 “and the spirit of God was hovering over
the surface of the waters”. To me this implies some time for the hovering. The ASV gives a verse as an eagle hovering over
her nest. Vs 3 “ Then God said – let there be light and there was light” vs.4 “And God saw that the light was good and God
separated the light from the darkness. The ASV has the word divided for separated and gives the note for Is. 45:7 “I form
the light and create the darkness” vs. 8 has “, Distil ye the heavens, from above and let the skies pour forth righteousness;
let the earth open,” Gen. 5 “God called the light day and the darkness night. Evening came and then morning, the first
day.” Is. 51:13 has “and hast forgotten Jehovah thy Maker, that stretched forth the heavens, and
laid the foundations of the earth”. Zech 12:1 A declaration of the Lord,
who stretched out the heavens, laid the foundation of the earth, and formed the spirit of man
within him. In Gen 6 “Let there be an expanse” The Holman footnote for expanse is spread out.
I have prayed to the Lord for guidance in the spirit. This is what I get: some of Genesis is a mystery to be
searched. Job 33: 31-33 “Can you fasten the chains of Pleiades, or loosen the belt of Orion? Can you bring out the
constellations in their season–Do you know the laws of heaven?” It seems to me that these scriptures imply that
the heavens were created before the earth. Could it be that the heavens included the stars and sun? It could be
that time did not appear as we know it until vs. 5 in Gen. when we have evening and morning? Einstein’s theories
imply that space is like a fabric stretched out with time, dimensions, matter and energy. Could the light be light
and visible matter and the darkness dark matter? How can you have vegetation and plants without light on day 3?
Could it be that there was light beneficial to plants on day 3, but it was not highly synchronized until day 4? Could
it be as H. Ross suggests that, from the the perspective of one on earth, that the sun was there, but did not
appear until day 4, as the haze lifted from earth so the sun could now be seen from earth? Could the waters in
Gen 2 and 6 be matter and energy?(Ref.1) Dr Schroeder also has a different view of day one and morning and
evening. It seams illogical to me for God to create the earth and (H2O-earth seas) before matter and energy. We
have the formula E= MC2. God is a god of order and logic. There is more discussion on this mystery in Ref 2, pg.
198-9. Snelling (ref 3.) who is a Young earth Creationist(YEC) noted that the earliest cyanobacteria and algae are
found in the precambian deposits, but larger plants are absent. He says the paleozoic and Mesozoic were
deposited during the flood and contain land plants, while the precambrian are pre-flood deposits (ref. 3 p 353,
633). This strongly implies that if algae are considered plants, that new plant creation occurred over some
considerable period of time not in one 24 hr day. In going from Gen. 1:24-26 It states in 26 “Then God said”, as if
there was a pause after animals before man was created.
Ref. 1 Schroeder, http://www.aish.com/ci/sam/48951136.html
Ref. 2 Tofflemire, Evidences for God and his Creations, Author house, 2012.
Ref. 3. Snelling, Earth’s Catostrophic Past. www.icr.org 2009
Schroeder, Gerald, L. The Science of God The Free Press, NY, 1997
Dr. Schroeder is a Jewish physicist and biblical scholar who has written several books about the creation relating science
and the bible. He gives a formula for a Nautilus spiral which when integrated he claims to give the age of the earth when a
ratio of cosmic background temperatures is inserted. (p 63-67). I am not sure his calculations are correct as they have
been challenged by AIG and others. His model gives a starting age of the creation as 15.7 billion yrs and day 1 about 7.7
billion yrs long and spiraling down to day 4 being one billion yrs. Nevertheless it does give some spiral down ages to work
with that may be in the ballpark. He does give the premise that time dilation could give the possibility of a much slower
clock for a different observer than for observer on earth allowing billions of yrs for day one. He also theorizes that Adam
was 20 yrs old when God breathed into him the breath of life and made him different, implying he was an advanced
hominid before.p 137
On pg 89 I cite Harnett and Humpreys who gave models of time dilation accounting for and old earth. Humphreys also has
the earth near the center of the universe. Some authors have also noted that the more recent big bang models rule out
the universe having a center, even though there are some indications that it does. James Pinkerton hypothesized as
follows: https://www.quora.com/Does-the-Universe-have-a-centre-of-gravity “Reiterating, if the universe is spatially
infinite, then no, it cannot have a center of gravity (or mass). The Hubble volume? That’s another story entirely. Clearly,
there was a beginning to the Hubble volume. Therefore, the expanding Hubble volume is a finite volume. Unless of course,
the Hubble volume was/is subject to magic/supernatural forces that leave no trace of physical evidence. A far-fetched
idea? Not to Catholic priest and mathematician Georges Lemaitre in 1931, an inherent believer in the supernatural, as he
had the brilliant idea that the ‘universe’ … the Hubble volume … started out (with God’s help) as a primal quanta.And hey!
The math worked! Sort of.” He is credited as being the discover of what was later to be termed the Big Bang
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Lemaaitre

From Futurism April 15th 2014 Does the universe have a center? https://futurism.com/does-the-universe-have-a-center-2
“The Big Bang theory is currently the best explanation of how our universe came to be: an explosion that created
everything, including time, matter, and space itself. This explosion caused the expansion of the universe. However, the
words “explosion” and “expansion” in the previous sentence are misleading. It is not an explosion in the conventional
sense, where energy is released into space; rather, it is the rapid expansion of space itself. This may seem daunting, but
there are two analogies to keep in mind.
A SIMPLE ANALOGY:
The first is the trusted and famous balloon analogy . If you have one at hand it would make this much easier to
understand. Cover the balloon in little dots with a marker pen and try to keep them equidistant. These dots will represent
galaxies (the center of the balloon has nothing to do with this). Blow up the balloon from its wrinkly state. The surface of
the balloon represents space-time itself. You could walk in any direction for an infinite amount of time and you’ll be left
with nothing but callouses (assuming you could fit on a balloon). Keep in mind that the surface of the balloon represents
space in a 2 dimensional manner because the dots on the balloon’s surface do not have height. The actual expansion in
space would be 3 dimensional.

This could be appendix 9(written Feb. 2019) to the Tofflemire book: Evidences for God and His Creations cited below.
Gen. 1:1 from the Holman bible. “In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth”. ASV cites Is. 42:5 at the word
Created; 42:5. “Thus saith the God Jehovah, he that created the heavens, and stretched them forth. He that spread
abroad the earth”. Also cited is Is. 45:18 “Thus saith the Jehovah that created the heavens, The God that formed the earth
and made it, that established it and created it not a waste, that formed it to be inhabited.” Note both these verses and
have the heavens before the earth as does Gen 1:1. Here is the end of verse 2 “and the spirit of God was hovering over
the surface of the waters”. To me this implies some time for the hovering. The ASV gives a verse as an eagle hovering over
her nest. Vs 3 “ Then God said – let there be light and there was light” vs.4 “And God saw that the light was good and God
separated the light from the darkness. The ASV has the word divided for separated and gives the note for Is. 45:7 “I form
the light and create the darkness” vs. 8 has “, Distil ye the heavens, from above and let the skies pour forth righteousness;
let the earth open,” Gen. 5 “God called the light day and the darkness night. Evening came and then morning, the first
day.” Is. 51:13 has “and hast forgotten Jehovah thy Maker, that stretched forth the heavens, and
laid the foundations of the earth”. Zech 12:1 A declaration of the Lord,
who stretched out the heavens, laid the foundation of the earth, and formed the spirit of man
within him. In Gen 6 “Let there be an expanse” The Holman footnote for expanse is spread out.
I have prayed to the Lord for guidance in the spirit. This is what I get: some of Genesis is a mystery to be
searched. Job 33: 31-33 “Can you fasten the chains of Pleiades, or loosen the belt of Orion? Can you bring out the
constellations in their season–Do you know the laws of heaven?” It seems to me that these scriptures imply that
the heavens were created before the earth. Could it be that the heavens included the stars and sun? It could be
that time did not appear as we know it until vs. 5 in Gen. when we have evening and morning? Einstein’s theories
imply that space is like a fabric stretched out with time, dimensions, matter and energy. Could the light be light
and visible matter and the darkness dark matter? How can you have vegetation and plants without light on day 3?
Could it be that there was light beneficial to plants on day 3, but it was not highly synchronized until day 4? Could
it be as H. Ross suggests that, from the the perspective of one on earth, that the sun was there, but did not
appear until day 4, as the haze lifted from earth so the sun could now be seen from earth? Could the waters in
Gen 2 and 6 be matter and energy?(Ref.1) Dr Schroeder also has a different view of day one and morning and
evening. It seams illogical to me for God to create the earth and (H2O-earth seas) before matter and energy. We
have the formula E= MC2. God is a god of order and logic. There is more discussion on this mystery in Ref 2, pg.
198-9. Snelling (ref 3.) who is a Young earth Creationist(YEC) noted that the earliest cyanobacteria and algae are
found in the precambian deposits, but larger plants are absent. He says the paleozoic and Mesozoic were
deposited during the flood and contain land plants, while the precambrian are pre-flood deposits (ref. 3 p 353,
633). This strongly implies that if algae are considered plants, that new plant creation occurred over some
considerable period of time not in one 24 hr day. In going from Gen. 1:24-26 It states in 26 “Then God said”, as if
there was a pause after animals before man was created.
Ref. 1 Schroeder, http://www.aish.com/ci/sam/48951136.html
Ref. 2 Tofflemire, Evidences for God and his Creations, Author house, 2012.
Ref. 3. Snelling, Earth’s Catostrophic Past. www.icr.org 2009
Schroeder, Gerald, L. The Science of God The Free Press, NY, 1997
Dr. Schroeder is a Jewish physicist and biblical scholar who has written several books about the creation relating science
and the bible. He gives a formula for a Nautilus spiral which when integrated he claims to give the age of the earth when a
ratio of cosmic background temperatures is inserted. (p 63-67). I am not sure his calculations are correct as they have
been challenged by AIG and others. His model gives a starting age of the creation as 15.7 billion yrs and day 1 about 7.7
billion yrs long and spiraling down to day 4 being one billion yrs. Nevertheless it does give some spiral down ages to work
with that may be in the ballpark. He does give the premise that time dilation could give the possibility of a much slower
clock for a different observer than for observer on earth allowing billions of yrs for day one. He also theorizes that Adam
was 20 yrs old when God breathed into him the breath of life and made him different, implying he was an advanced
hominid before.p 137
On pg 89 I cite Harnett and Humpreys who gave models of time dilation accounting for and old earth. Humphreys also has
the earth near the center of the universe. Some authors have also noted that the more recent big bang models rule out
the universe having a center, even though there are some indications that it does. James Pinkerton hypothesized as
follows: https://www.quora.com/Does-the-Universe-have-a-centre-of-gravity “Reiterating, if the universe is spatially
infinite, then no, it cannot have a center of gravity (or mass). The Hubble volume? That’s another story entirely. Clearly,
there was a beginning to the Hubble volume. Therefore, the expanding Hubble volume is a finite volume. Unless of course,
the Hubble volume was/is subject to magic/supernatural forces that leave no trace of physical evidence. A far-fetched
idea? Not to Catholic priest and mathematician Georges Lemaitre in 1931, an inherent believer in the supernatural, as he
had the brilliant idea that the ‘universe’ … the Hubble volume … started out (with God’s help) as a primal quanta.And hey!
The math worked! Sort of.” He is credited as being the discover of what was later to be termed the Big Bang
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Lemaaitre

( Image Source )

Note that as you blow up the balloon, the dots all appear to be moving away from each other, but the dots themselves are
not moving; rather, the surface of the balloon is causing them to move apart. It is incorrect to think of the galaxies moving
away from each other through space, it’s the space itself that is expanding and carrying the galaxies with it. The viewpoint
from each of these galaxies would show that everything is moving away from them. The further the galaxies are, the faster
they are moving away. Or to put it differently – the more space between two galaxies, the faster they will move from each
other.” My comment: So what would be the time dilation if one referenced the center of this balloon relative to the
earth?
Ross 2008 p. 47-52 ( This write-up below is an addition to the Tofflemire book cited revision 2012 above)
Universe 13.73 b(billion yrs)
Earth 4.56 b moon 4.47 p 88
Earth atmosphere clears 4 b
Ross 2014 p.63
stromatolites 3.8 b p67
Cyanobacteria 3.5 b
Snelling precambrian
P 354 autotrophs 3.8b
P 349 life stromatolites 2.4-3.5b
There is a major change in the type of rocks from the pre-cambrian to the cambrian (a major UN-coformity) which starts
the Paleozoic era. The first appearance of many marine invertebrates is in the cambrian.p309-311 there are also a few
vertebrates p 352
P 489 the Paleozoic and Mesozoic Eras were deposited during the flood and the Cenozoic post flood.,pre-cambrian=pre
flood
P 570 cretaceous chalk beds cover many countries from England to Egypt to north America with many of the same fossils
implying a global flood. This is also true of the coconino and tapeats sandstone that covers much of N. America. p 509,529
implying a global flood.
P310 the conventional geologic timetable is found on p 310 with the Eras and periods shown. Dinosaurs are found mainly
in the Mesozoic, p 746, 310
Human like fossils are only found in the recent Pleistocene, which is the top most layer of the Cenozoic era.p 310,354 The
fossils in the lower Paleozoic are mainly marine creatures. Those in the Mesozoic are both marine and terrestrial. Those in
the Cenozoic are mainly terrestrial.p 355.
It is also logical the creatures that could not swim well, run or fly would be buried lower in the geologic column than when
they were created and vise-verso and those who could run or fly are buried higher. Also uplift and extinction processes
make straight forward interpretation of the geologic column difficult. The Permian/Triassic boundary had the highest

I try to cite references that I am drawn to correctly and be open minded; and then do some synthesis. My perspective is
that the bible history is correct. If certain histories in the bible are reconfirmed multiple times, or are key to history, they
must be correct. However if there is very strong indication from science that certain history occurred, it must also be
considered as correct. Some of my summary integration’s will now be given as possibilities.
There are strong indications that the universe is old and also the earth rocks.(Billions of yrs):, It is also likely that the
universe preceded the earth’s creation. Some method of time dilation could account for the creation days being ages. It is
possible that on day 4 the sun became visible from earth, but was there previously. It is also appears that the bible is not
intended to give every small detail of creation, but on the big picture. This might explain the algae and bacteria in the pre-
cambrian and the larger plants later. The seeds of plants could have regrown after the flood. Parker 2008 stated “that over
60 genera of woody plant spores, pollen, and wood itself have been recovered from the lowest trilobite rocks
(Cambrian)”. As Snelling pointed out the fossils in the lower Paleozoic are mainly marine creatures. Those in the Mesozoic
are both marine and terrestrial. Those in the Cenozoic are mainly terrestrial. This fits with the bible creation order. It is
possible, that as Snelling says, that the Paleozoic and Mesozoic are the global flood deposits. He also gives support to
rapid plate tectonic movement then. There is considerable support for a global flood, both scientific and biblical (Snelling).
He also claims the conventional radio-dating has errors. If man and large animals, maybe dinosaurs, were created on a
long day 6, most dinosaurs could have been buried in the flood, but Noah and his family survived. A few baby dinosaurs
could have been taken on the ark.
See Tofflemire 2012 p 117-118. Rana 2005 in Who Was Adam stated that hominids existed 130,000-500,000 yrs ago and
humans not much earlier than 100,000 yrs. Some of this dating may be radio-dating which could be in error. DNA dating
based on woman’s genes, MtDNA, indicated up to 200,000 yrs. Assumptions going into this have been challenged and
estimates of 50000-6000 yrs are possible. Studies on male genes date man at 40000-60000 yrs. Relative to the bible, the
hominids appear a mystery. Why were they not mentioned by Adam when he was naming the created animals? Rana
suggested this was a trial by God in fine tuning man. The 6000 yrs for man supported by Biblical chronologies is possible
and likely.
Also see the “Can Numerology–” paper on the web site.
For reference the geologic time scale is shown below from -web.nmsu.edu

extinction rate. A high extinction rate did occur at the K/T boundary (Cretaceous/Tertiary) and most dinosaurs did not
appear to survive beyond this, although many lizards and crocodiles did. P358
The process of fossilization of creatures is quite rare, and special conditions must be in place for this to occur p531.
examples: rapid but soft burial with mineralization, or by freezing rapidly and burial.
P235 Snelling stated that man became a living soul, implying his consciousness, mind and emotions. He did not have any
animal ancestry. Language with writing is also unique to man.
A geologic time scale is given below (p.4) to aid in comparing the periods and eras.
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwi44MPSrqzgAhUqnuAKHfwqBMU
Qjhx6BAgBEAM&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsites.google.com%2Fsite%2Fabduljalilsessportfolio%2Fplan-and-carry-out-
scientific-investigations%2F12-4-the-geologic-time-
scale&psig=AOvVaw1B7IGdLIWOttNu9XmiO59J&ust=1549723034821745
I try to cite references that I am drawn to correctly and be open minded; and then do some synthesis. My perspective is
that the bible history is correct. If certain histories in the bible are reconfirmed multiple times, or are key to history, they
must be correct. However if there is very strong indication from science that certain history occurred, it must also be
considered as correct. Some of my summary integration’s will now be given as possibilities.
There are strong indications that the universe is old and also the earth rocks.(Billions of yrs):, It is also likely that the
universe preceded the earth’s creation. Some method of time dilation could account for the creation days being ages. It is
possible that on day 4 the sun became visible from earth, but was there previously. It is also appears that the bible is not
intended to give every small detail of creation, but on the big picture. This might explain the algae and bacteria in the pre-
cambrian and the larger plants later. The seeds of plants could have regrown after the flood. Parker 2008 stated “that over
60 genera of woody plant spores, pollen, and wood itself have been recovered from the lowest trilobite rocks
(Cambrian)”. As Snelling pointed out the fossils in the lower Paleozoic are mainly marine creatures. Those in the Mesozoic
are both marine and terrestrial. Those in the Cenozoic are mainly terrestrial. This fits with the bible creation order. It is
possible, that as Snelling says, that the Paleozoic and Mesozoic are the global flood deposits. He also gives support to
rapid plate tectonic movement then. There is considerable support for a global flood, both scientific and biblical (Snelling).
He also claims the conventional radio-dating has errors. If man and large animals, maybe dinosaurs, were created on a
long day 6, most dinosaurs could have been buried in the flood, but Noah and his family survived. A few baby dinosaurs
could have been taken on the ark.
See Tofflemire 2012 p 117-118. Rana 2005 in Who Was Adam stated that hominids existed 130,000-500,000 yrs ago and
humans not much earlier than 100,000 yrs. Some of this dating may be radio-dating which could be in error. DNA dating
based on woman’s genes, MtDNA, indicated up to 200,000 yrs. Assumptions going into this have been challenged and
estimates of 50000-6000 yrs are possible. Studies on male genes date man at 40000-60000 yrs. Relative to the bible, the
hominids appear a mystery. Why were they not mentioned by Adam when he was naming the created animals? Rana
suggested this was a trial by God in fine tuning man. The 6000 yrs for man supported by Biblical chronologies is possible
and likely.
Also see the “Can Numerology–” paper on the web site.
For reference the geologic time scale is shown below from -web.nmsu.edu